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gall
B2
noun
Usage:
76%
bile, digestive fluid
Translation: bile, digestive fluid
Pronunciation: /ɡɔːl/
Meaning: a bitter digestive fluid produced by the liver

This biological meaning refers to bile, a fluid involved in the digestion of fats.

Gall is stored in the gallbladder.

Ancient medicine associated gall with bitterness.

2
C1
figurative noun
Usage:
63%
bitterness, resentment
Translation: bitterness, resentment
Pronunciation: /ɡɔːl/
Meaning: deep bitterness, resentment, or anger

This figurative meaning refers to strong and lasting bitterness or hostility.

His voice was filled with gall.

Years of unfair treatment left her with considerable gall.

3
B2
informal noun
Usage:
91%
nerve, audacity
Translation: nerve, audacity
Pronunciation: /ɡɔːl/
Meaning: boldness that is considered rude or shameless

This informal meaning describes behavior showing excessive and offensive confidence.

He had the gall to demand an apology.

She had the gall to take credit for our work.

4
C1
noun
Usage:
48%
abrasion, chafed sore
Translation: abrasion, chafed sore
Pronunciation: /ɡɔːl/
Meaning: a sore or irritated area caused by rubbing

This meaning refers to damaged or inflamed skin caused by repeated friction or pressure.

The saddle caused a gall on the horse's back.

The strap rubbed the skin into a painful gall.

5
C1
botany noun
Usage:
69%
plant swelling, growth
Translation: plant swelling, growth
Pronunciation: /ɡɔːl/
Meaning: an abnormal swelling on a plant caused by an organism

This botanical meaning refers to an unusual plant growth triggered by insects, mites, fungi, bacteria, or other organisms.

The oak leaf contained a round gall.

Certain insects produce galls on stems.

6
B2
verb
Usage:
74%
irritate, anger
Translation: irritate, anger
Pronunciation: /ɡɔːl/
Meaning: to irritate, annoy, or make someone bitter

This meaning refers to causing strong annoyance, humiliation, or resentment.

It galled him to admit that she was right.

The unfair accusation galled the entire team.

gall
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